There have been items in the recent news to the effect that former president Donald J. Trump was allegedly surprised to be told that “his generals” had not taken an oath of loyalty to him. It is ...

Florida teachers would be mandated to take an oath of loyalty to the state and promise to be “a positive role model in both conduct and character,” under a new law. The bill, H.B. 147, would go into ...

The Florida Legislature is back at it. Another session opened Tuesday in Tallahassee. This figures to be a particularly juicy one, with heated debates about property taxes, artificial intelligence, ...

As a historian of modern France, I have rarely seen a connection between my everyday life in my adopted state of Texas and my work on my adopted specialization: the period we call Vichy France. Apart ...

There are few things more amazing than some of the bills that get thrown around at the beginning of the Legislative session. Take, for instance, HB 2467, a proposed measure sponsored by seven ...

The loyalty oath has been just one matter of contention in this most contentious of campaign seasons. Virginia Republicans tried to implement one for the Super Tuesday primary, drawing the ire of ...

Introduction : Loyalty on demand -- Congress, cabinet, and civil servants -- The first year : loyalty tests spread -- Loyalty defined : the ironclad test oath -- The key to freedom -- A problem of ...