### Learning objectives Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common finding, occurring in up to 25% of people.1 ,2 An association between PFO and stroke has consistently been seen in up to 50% of patients ...

Background Women with pre-eclampsia are at increased risk of later-life cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite suggestions ...

Cardiovascular complications are increasingly recognised as a major driver of morbidity and early mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), yet they remain underdiagnosed and ...

Background Surgical ablation (SA) is a key treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients undergoing heart surgery. However, direct comparisons between SA and non-mitral valve (non-MV) surgery alone ...

Background Atrial fibrillation(AF) may be linked to increased sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk, but patients with AF are often neglected in studies on ECG risk factors for SCD. We aimed to clarify the ...

Background Cancer survivors have an increased risk of heart failure, but this is balanced by the risk of death from other ...

Background Elevation in serum troponin following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is indicative of post-PCI troponin increase (pTI) and is associated with higher mortality rates. In ...

In the context of a steadily ageing population, there is a continuous increase in the prevalence and incidence of all primary chronic conditions.1 Among the chronic conditions, heart failure (HF), ...

Background Chronic kidney disease is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and can significantly affect drug excretion and efficacy. This study focuses on the effects of modification ...

Objective Patients with unoperated single ventricle (SV) rarely survive into adulthood with good functional status and may develop Eisenmenger's syndrome (ES). We report outcomes of a 30-year cohort ...

Intuitively, one might think that supplementing vitamins and minerals would be the right thing to do especially in older and comorbid people. Every year, billions of dollars are spent in this belief.1 ...

Background Current guidelines for aortic valve replacement (AVR) lack consensus on prosthesis selection in middle-aged patients. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive comparison of long-term ...